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Where does biochemistry fit in the big picture?
Function -> genetics -> genes -> molecular biology -> proteins -> biochemistry

Basic Principles of Biochemistry
Basic chemical terms
elan vital and gibbs free energy
The laws of thermodynamics including enthalpy and entropy
The periodic table
Chemical bonding: covalent, ionic, hydrogen, dispersion, and hydrophobic
oxidation and reduction
pH, acids and bases
measures of energy, measurement and concentration in biochemistry

Primary principle of vitality: energy is required to do work
Kinetic energy:
oThermal energy energy of motion, heat energy. Thermal rule in warm blooded animals used for maintenance of grand temperature for enxymatic reactions
oRadiant energy energy of light photons whitethorn be converted to heat energy. Maybe used to consecrate chemical bond energy in photosynthesis
Potential energy
o skill stored in chemical bonds used to drive metabolism
oEnergy of concentration gradients sequestered by biological membranes. Ions, nutrients, waste, protons, and so on maintained in compartment specific concentrations
oelectric potention: alone cells maintain a gradient of electrical charge crossways their plasma membrane.





The laws of thermodynamics

1st law: the amount of energy in a system plus surroundings is constant.
oEnergy bay windownot be created or destroyed but can be converted between different forms
omass is a type of energy
oany energy released in the constitution of chemical bonds must be used to break new(prenominal) chemical bonds, converted to heat or light, or stored in some other form

2nd law: the amount of randomness in a system plus surroundings
oOR
energy can not be converted from one form to another with 100% efficiency, some energy is always lost (as heat).
The amount of dis line of battle in the universe resulting from a biochemical mathematical operation always increases
?THE SECOND LAW IS THE SUPREME LAW!

Describing biochemical reactions:
Gibbs Free energy
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