Vocab:
Protein: make up of 20 different amino acids; do in ribosomes
Polypeptide Chains: dour chains of amino acids.
Chromosomes: made out of DNA and Protein
Nucleotides: the subunits making up DNA ( north bases, phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar)
Purines: double go nitrogen bases and only pair with pyrimidines (adenine, guanine)
Pyrimidines: single ring nitrogen bases and only pair purines (thymine, cytosine)
DNA Replication: the subroutine of copy DNA
Orgins of Replication: where DNA replication begins; two DNA strands devote forming Y-shaped areas.
Replication Forks: Y-shaped areas
Helicase: enzyme that uncoils DNA so it can be replicated; breaks enthalpy bonds too.
DNA polymerase: the enzyme that adds new antonymous base pairs.
Peptides: the subunits that make up polypeptides.
Radical Group: the group that makes amino acids different from all(prenominal) other and gives the amino acid its unique properties
mRNA: copies the DNA and brings it to ribosomes; long straight chain made out of nucleotides and its made in the nucleus. It copies DNA and leaves through the pores. Contains A,U,G,C.
rRNA: makes ribosomes; 100-3000 nucleotides. Globular. Makes up ribosomes
tRNA: transfers amino acids to ribosomes where proteins are made.
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Codons: sequence of 3 nucleotides
Anti-codon: on a tRNA, complementary to a codon.
Protein Synthesis: production of proteins; transcription and translation
Transcription: process of copying one DNA strand to make mRNA; nucleus
Translation: decoding the mRNA into a poly peptide chain; ribosome.
fundament: first part of translation
Terminations: last stage of translation
Mutations: change in nucleotide sequence.
Notes:
History of DNA
Early scientists thought DNA was made of protein because its more complex
DNA and proteins make up chromosomes
Hershey and Chase
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